R.Raja, S.Umer, S.Islam & S.Naaz
Volume-XIV, Issue-III, April 2026
Volume-XIV, Issue-III, April 2026 | ||
Received: 25.04.2026 | Accepted: 27.04.2026 | |||
Published Online: 30.04.2026 | Page No: 253-271 | |||
DOI: 10.64031/pratidhwanitheecho.vol.14.issue.03W.105 | ||||
Can Artificial Intelligence Truly Reason? A Philosophical and Logical Inquiry into Machine Reasoning Ramiz Raja, Research Scholar, Aliah University, Department of Computer science and Engineering, West Bengal, India Dr. Saiyed Umer, Assistant Professor, Aliah University, Department of Computer science and Engineering, West Bengal, India Samirul Islam, Independent Researcher, Department of Philosophy, West Bengal, India Shayema Naaz, Student, University of Kalyani, Department of Computer science and Engineering, West Bengal, India | |
AI can perform functions such as language processing, decision- making, pattern recognition, and problem solving. It can also perform reasoning functions that are more complex. However, many still question whether reasoning performed by machines is actual reasoning, or just reasoning that has been simulated by various computations. This paper looks at machine reasoning through philosophy, logic, and computer science, which are all interrelated fields. Within the field of philosophy, it looks at reasoning and its components such as understanding and knowledge. It also examines the functions of reasoning like justification and intentionality. Within the field of logic, it looks at areas of formal inference, reasoning, epistemic logic, and structure functions of reasoning like rule-based and non-monotonic reasoning. Lastly, it examines the field of computer science on the basis of reasoning performed by AI systems through various functions like algorithms, knowledge representation, machine learning, and large language models. It argues that reasoning performed by machines is formal and functional reasoning. However, reasoning performed by AI lacks many components of human reasoning such as consciousness, and lived experience. Various intentional understanding components like self-reflective justification are also neglected. It argues that AI systems should not be viewed as substitutes for human rationality. They are reasoning systems that produce functional outputs bound by premised rationality. | |
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