Pratidhwani the Echo

A Peer-Reviewed International Journal of
Humanities & Social Science

ISSN: 2278-5264 (Online) 2321-9319 (Print)

Impact Factor: 6.28 (Index Copernicus
International)

Volume-IV,
Issue-IV, April
2016, Page No.
25-34

Published by Dept.
of Bengali, Karimganj College, Karimganj,
Assam, India

Website: http://www.thecho.in

Status of Basic Facilities of Primary
Schools: A Case Study of Krishnagar Municipal Area in Nadia District, W. B.,
India

Koushik Barick

Guest
Lecturer, Dukhulal Nibaran Chandra College, Aurangabad, Murshidabad (W.B),
India

Abstract

The Krishnagar
Municipality is situated in a densely urban area of Nadia District in West
Bengal. Primary Education is a base of education in a society. Basic Facility
of Primary School is required
for a good education (i.e. school building,
condition of class room, sanitary system, toilet facility, drinking water
facility, playground etc.) The Student Teacher ratio indicates sustainable
teaching in a School. The aim of present work to analysis the condition of
basic facility of primary school. The major source of data is Primary Council of
Krishnagar in Nadia, Krishnagar municipality Nadia, Publication report and
articles. The collected data organized in
a master table and represented through tables and relevant mapping and
digitized cartographic techniques. The result shows Basic
facilities of Primary schools have below standard level, Primary education
program and schemes are not properly implies. Maximum number of schools have
not maintain good student teacher ratio i.e. 40:1.  Therefore increase the basic facility of
primary school and also use government initiative i.e. SSA, Midday meal grant
for improving lower status of primary school and create cluster format schools.
Teaching learning process will develop and use attracting teaching aids, as
well as holistic planning urgently needs to occurrence this problem.

Key Words: Primary School, Basic
Facility, Student Teacher ratio, Krishnagar Municipality.

Introduction:
Education
is a vital process of the development, which considered one of the main pillars
of a society Education is the foundation of all types of developments in the
world. It is an established fact that in the world only those nations have made
progress and development which have a sound education system Education develops
individuals. It creates awareness among the people about life and its
challenges in the world. It fills empty minds with ideas and creativity. Thus
educationally sound nations play leadership role in the world since its
independence the primary system of education could not make progress due to
many factors such as parochial feudal and sate politicians, corrupt
bureaucracy, authoritarian regimes, fragile civil society and weak democracy.
The system of primary education is deliberately neglected in the country.
Instead of developing the nation on the basis of free and quality education,
the system was hijacked by so-called monsters of democracy and development.

The Study Area: Krishnagar
is a municipality and the administrative headquarters of Nadia district in West
Bengal. The Krishnagar municipality was established in 1864. The area of the
municipality is around 16 sq. Km. and is divided into 24 wards. Krishnagar is
located at 23°23'N to 23°26/N and 88°28.6/E to 88°31.4/E.
It has an average elevation of 14 metres (45 feet) above MSL. Krishnagar is
situated beside the Jalangi River and the town is well connected by road and
railway junction to different parts of the State. The major agricultural
products of the area include rice, jute, and sugarcane. Industrial activities
include sugar milling and ceramic manufacturing. Located 100 km with about
general survey land nearby river. North from Kolkata, Krishnagar is on the
banks of Jalangi River. It was the residence of raja Krishnachandra, a great
patron of art and culture. 78 Primary School are present in this Municipal
area.

Fig-1: Location map of the
study area

Objectives of the Study:

The
objects of the study are as follows,

1.      To
study the status of primary school.

2.      To
explain the measures taken so far to improve the primary education.

Materials
and Methods: The data, supported documents, maps current
information of the survey area are collected from primary Council in
Krishnagar, Nadia (Barnaporicaoi Vaban),
District Census office, Nadia and Krishnagar Municipal Office. Different
location of Primary Schools are identified by GPS survey and prepared Location
map of Primary School. Given data are organised in a master table and it’s
represent relevant cartographic techniques and weighted index Method.

Plate-1:
Krishnagar Municipality Estd. 1864

Plate-2:
Primary Council, Krishnagar, Nadia

(Barnaporichai
Vavan)

Results
and Discussion:

Population
Profile of the Study area:  It is necessary to examine various aspects of
population as it help to understand socio-economic condition of the study area. In the study area have 151760 persons out of which the share
of male population is 76605 and female population constitute 75155.

Table-1: Population Composition in Krishnagar
Municipality

Ward No.

Male

Female

Total

1

4153

4001

8154

2

3604

3470

7074

3

4206

4081

8287

4

4976

4024

9000

5

5368

5304

10672

6

3684

3382

7066

7

2492

2482

4974

8

2049

1943

3992

9

2428

2424

4852

10

4150

4033

8183

11

2553

2495

5048

12

3317

3428

6745

13

2494

2483

4977

14

2654

2712

5366

15

2466

2579

5045

16

2973

2987

5960

17

3424

3205

6629

18

2983

3137

6120

19

2296

2418

4714

20

1706

1794

3500

21

2070

2128

4198

22

2336

2328

4664

23

2371

2429

4800

24

5852

5888

11740

Total

76605

75155

151760

Fig-2: Map Shows Population Composition in Krishnagar
Municipality Based on Census 2011

Source:
Census Data, 2011

Basic
Facility in a Primary School:  For development in a primary School some
facilities are available in the school that is called Basic facility. The
minimum basic facilities are required for a good education. The basic
facilities are as follows,

Structure of school building, number of class rooms, Sanitary
system, Toilet facility (separate girls & boys), drinking water facility, Playground,
number. of Bench, number of Sataranji, Black board, Desk, Maps, Wall Board,
Chair, Globe, Pocket board, number table, Chart, Almery, Stock of  books in library, Trunk, Paper.

Status
of Class Room: It is found that total 41 Schools out of 78 Schools
i.e. 52.56% have in bellow four rooms. Moreover out of 78 schools, 29 Schools
(37.17%) have four to six rooms where as 8 Schools carry on more than Six
Rooms. So it is clear minimum classroom not available in 41 Schools (52.56%).
So it is clear 52.56% Primary School have no sufficient Classroom for a quality
education.

Table-2:
Status of Class Room

No. of Class Room

<4

4-6

>6

No. of Primary School

41

29

8

% of Primary School

52.56

37.17

10.25

Fig-3: Status of Class Room in Primary school of
Krishnagar Municipal area, 2013

Source:
Primary Council,Krishnagar,Nadia.

Drinking
Water Facility: As is evident from the table, the Drinking Water
facility has shown more important in a school. The Percentage of Schools where drinking
water facilities are available in the Municipality is 66.66% but drinking water
facilities are not available in 33.33% Primary School.

Table-3:
Drinking water Facility

Drinking Water

Yes

No

No. of Primary School

52

26

% of Primary School

66.66

33.33

Fig-4: Pie graph Showing drinking water facility
of Primary school, Krishnagar

Source:
Primary Council, Krishnagar,Nadia.

Availability
of Bench and Sataranji:             Bench
and Sataranji are primary requirements in a school because students are seating
on the bench and Sataranji for study. So Bench and Sataranji are basic
amenities in a school. It has been found that more than 85% Primary School of
the total Survey School have poor availability of Benches. More than 95% of the
total Survey Primary Schools have small number of Sataranjis i.e. 20. The above discussion reveals that bench and
sataranji is an important in the school. The figure shows the available number
of bench and Sataranji much poorer.

Table-4:
Availability of Bench                            Table-5: Availability of Sataranji

No. of Benches

<40

40-60

>60

No. of Primary School

67

5

6

% of Primary School

85.89

6.41

7.69

No. of Sataranji

<20

20-40

>40

No. of Primary School

74

2

2

% of Primary School

94.87

2.56

2.56

Source:
Primary Council, Krishnagar, Nadia.

Source:
Primary Council, Krishnagar, Nadia.

Fig-5: Availability of bench
in primary School under Krishnagar municipality

Fig-6: Availability of
sataranji in primary School under Krishnagar municipality

Availability
of Black Board: The Primary school is characterized by below four,
Four to Six and Greater than Six number of black boards. Among the primary
school during the survey it was observed that maximum primary school belong to
below four black boards (57.69%). The share of four to six and greater than six
Black board in the survey school in the locality is more or less equal i.e.
37%, while the proportion of greater than Six within the total school is only
5% (fig.7).

Table-6:
level of Black Board

No. of Black Board

<4

4-6

>6

No. of Primary School

45

29

4

% of Primary School

57.69

37.17

5.12

Fig-7: Availability of Black Board in primary
school, Krishnagar Municipal Area

Source:
Primary Council, Krishnagar,Nadia.

Separate Toilet Facility: The
municipal area reveals that more than half of the surveyed primary schools
(53.84%) have no separate toilet facility. However remaining primary schools
have more than 47.43% of total primary school have separate toilet facility (fig.8).
The distribution of toilet facility among the surveyed schools suggests that
disparity in distribution of separate toilet facility is not considerable.

Table-7: separate toilet facility

Fig-8: Figure shows Separate toilet facility in
Primary school of Study area, 2013

Separate Toilet Facility

Yes

No

No. of Primary School

37

42

% of Primary School

47.43

53.84

Source:
Primary Council, Krishnagar,Nadia.

Plate-3: Poor Toilet facility in
Sakti mandir harivushan das Primary School, Krishnagar

Playground Availability:  Number of playground availability
is a parameter which provides the basic growth of student’s health. So at least
one play ground attached in a primary school. It has been found that 64% of the
Primary schools have a play grounds, whereas 36% of Schools have no play
grounds (fig.9).

Table-8:
playground Availability

Play ground

Yes

No

No. of Primary School

50

28

% of Primary School

64.10

35.89

Source:
Primary Council, Krishnagar, Nadia.

Fig-9: playground availability of
Primary school in study area

Plate-4: Poor Play ground
Structure of Nicer Para Primary School, Krishnagar

Status
of students, teachers’ ratio: Teacher Student ratio is an importent criteria for
proper running the Primary Education systemAccording to Right to Education Act,
2009 student teacher ratio is 40:1. Entire krishnagar municipality 11.53%
schools are not follows this act, because students pressure is much high in
these schools. Krishnagar municipality is a 1st class city then
student pressure is very high these schools are top grad school in Krishnagar.
Number of teachers will be increase in these Schools for maintain the Right to
Education Act.

Student Teacher Ratio

No. of primary school

% 0f primary School

Bellow 40:1

69

88.46

Above 40:1

9

11.53

Table-9: Students, Teachers Ratio

Source:
Primary Council, Krishnagar,Nadia.

Fig-10: Enrolment of student and
teacher ratio of primary school in Krishnagar municipality, 2011-12

Status
of basic facilities: From
the given data and weighted index map shows, total score of basic facility
available of different primary school in Krishnagar municipality. The minimum
basic facilities required for a good education.  In the study area of Krishnagar municipality,
it was observed during the field survey good basic facilities available in CMS Sent Jons
Kouins primary school weighted index score is 25.378. Other side the poor basic
facility of primary school is Shaktinagar EGSPFP School the Weighted index score
is 3.356. From (Fig 3) In the whole municipality its observed that good
condition of primary school situated in ward no. 10, 13, 14, 12, 22, 23,
because some English medium school and private school situated there. Other
side ward no. 7, 9, 15, 16, 24, condition of primary school of these wards is
so bad because this is slum area and educational awareness is not more batter
in this area (fig. 11).

Fig-11: Figure shows Quality
of primary school in krishnagar municipality (Weighted Index Method)

Conclusion:
It may
be concluded that,

1.
Basic facilities of Primary
schools have below standard level in the study area.

2.
Technical
as well as professional institutes are not present in adequate number of
Krishnagar municipality.

3.
Primary education program
and schemes are not properly implies in the study area.

4.
Maximum number of schools
have not maintain good student teacher ratio.

Measures
taken to improve the Primary Schools:

1.

Apply
the all Government initiatives to improve the Primary Education, i.e. SSA,
Midday Meal, Kanyashree, Juboshree, Marti Cum Scholarships etc.

2.
Improving the basic needs in a primary school (i.e. playground,
books, board etc.) for attracting the students and provide good education.

3.
Cluster format school are create, two or more school
join each another and create a cluster school.

4.
Teaching learning process should be developed and used
attracting teaching aids.

Plate- 5: Midday Meal Program
conduct in a school, Krishnagar, Nadia

References:

1.
Ambhore D.K,
2010. Compulsory Primary Education Related To Ruralarea: Problems And
Remedies. International referred research journal.

2.
Barnapoprichai bhavan, nadia, west
bengal.

3.
Census of India 2011. Provisional
Population Census,Government of India.

4.      Erten
Gokce, 2009. Discrimination in Primary
Education in the Slums of Turkey: Problems about Equity of Education. International
journal of human and social sciences.

5.      Ghosh
Ranjit, 2009-10. Juge Juge Varoter Shikha. published by Ruchira Chakrabarty.

6.      In a proceedings seminar entitled “restructuring
of school education system in west bengal”
organized by the Indian institute of
management Calcutta (iimc) on august 2010.

7.      Jain
Manish, 2009 IAS (state project director) PBSSM. annual report 2008-09. prepared
by: paschim banga sarva shiksha mission.

8.
Kail Kaushik,
2010. Problems and Prospects Of Primary Education In Mathura District: A

9.      Geographical
Analysis. Journal
of geography and regional planning vol. 3(10), pp. 253-

261.

10.  Municipality
of Krishnagar , nadia – 741102.