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atidhwani the Echo
A Peer-Reviewed International Journal of
Humanities & Social Science
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264 (Online) 2321=
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Volume=
-IV,
Issue-IV, April
2016, Page No.
25-34
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Status of Basic Facilities of Primary
Schools: A Case Study of Krishnagar Municipal Area in Nadia District, W. B.,
India
Koushik Barick
Guest
Lecturer, Dukhulal Nibaran Chandra College, Aurangabad, Murshidabad (W.B),
India
Abstract
The Krishnagar
Municipality is situated in a densely urban area of Nadia District in West
Bengal. Primary Education is a base of education in a society. Basic Facili=
ty
of Primary School is req=
uired
for a good education (i.e. school buildin=
g,
condition of class room, sanitary system, toilet facility, drinking water
facility, playground etc.) The Student Teacher ratio indicates sustainable
teaching in a School. The aim of present work to analysis the condition of
basic facility of primary school. The major source of data is Primary Counci=
l of
Krishnagar in Nadia, Krishnagar municipality Nadia, Publication report and
articles. The collected data organized=
in
a master table and represented through tables and relevant mapping and
digitized cartographic techniques. The result shows Bas=
ic
facilities of Primary schools have below standard level, Primary education
program and schemes are not properly implies. Maximum number of schools have
not maintain good student teacher ratio i.e. 40:1. Therefore increase the basic facility of
primary school and also use government initiative i.e. SSA, Midday meal gra=
nt
for improving lower status of primary school and create cluster format scho=
ols.
Teaching learning process will develop and use attracting teaching aids, as
well as holistic planning urgently needs to occurrence this problem.
Key Words: Primary School, Basic
Facility, Student Teacher ratio, Krishnagar Municipality.
I=
ntroduction:
Education
is a vital process of the development, which considered one of the main pil=
lars
of a society Education is the foundation of all types of developments in the
world. It is an established fact that in the world only those nations have =
made
progress and development which have a sound education system Education deve=
lops
individuals. It creates awareness among the people about life and its
challenges in the world. It fills empty minds with ideas and creativity. Th=
us
educationally sound nations play leadership role in the world since its
independence the primary system of education could not make progress due to
many factors such as parochial feudal and sate politicians, corrupt
bureaucracy, authoritarian regimes, fragile civil society and weak democrac=
y.
The system of primary education is deliberately neglected in the country.
Instead of developing the nation on the basis of free and quality education,
the system was hijacked by so-called monsters of democracy and development.=
K=
rishnagar
is a municipality and the administrative headquarters of Nadia district in =
West
Bengal. The Krishnagar municipality was established in 1864. The area of the
municipality is around 16 sq. Km. and is divided into 24 wards. Krishnagar =
is
located at 23°23'N to 23°26/N and 88°28.6/E to 88°31.=
4/E.
It has an average elevation of 14 metres (45 feet) above MSL. Krishnagar is
situated beside the Jalangi River and the town is well connected by road and
railway junction to different parts of the State. The major agricultural
products of the area include rice, jute, and sugarcane. Industrial activiti=
es
include sugar milling and ceramic manufacturing. Located 100 km with about
general survey land nearby river. North from Kolkata, Krishnagar is on the
banks of Jalangi River. It was the residence of raja Krishnachandra, a great
patron of art and culture. 78 Primary School are present in this Municipal
area.
Fig-1: Location map of the
study area
Objectives of the Study:
The
objects of the study are as follows,
=
1. To
study the status of primary school.
=
2. To
explain the measures taken so far to improve the primary education.
Materials
and Methods: The data, supported documents, maps current
information of the survey area are collected from primary Council in
Krishnagar, Nadia (Barnaporicaoi Va=
ban),
District Census office, Nadia and Krishnagar Municipal Office. Different
location of Primary Schools are identified by GPS survey and prepared Locat=
ion
map of Primary School. Given data are organised in a master table and it’s
represent relevant cartographic techniques and weighted index Method.
Plate-1:
Krishnagar Municipality Estd. 1864 Plate-2:
Primary Council, Krishnagar, Nadia (Bar=
naporichai
Vavan)
Results
and Discussion:
Population
Profile of the Study area: It is necessary to examine various aspec=
ts of
population as it help to understand socio-economic condition of the study a=
rea. In the study area have 151760 persons out of which the sh=
are
of male population is 76605 and female population constitute 75155.
Table-1: Population Composition in Krishnagar
Municipality
|
Ward No. |
Male |
Female |
Total |
|
1 |
4153 |
4001 |
8154 |
|
2 |
3604 |
3470 |
7074 |
|
3 |
4206 |
4081 |
8287 |
|
4 |
4976 |
4024 |
9000 |
|
5 |
5368 |
5304 |
10672 |
|
6 |
3684 |
3382 |
7066 |
|
7 |
2492 |
2482 |
4974 |
|
8 |
2049 |
1943 |
3992 |
|
9 |
2428 |
2424 |
4852 |
|
10 |
4150 |
4033 |
8183 |
|
11 |
2553 |
2495 |
5048 |
|
12 |
3317 |
3428 |
6745 |
|
13 |
2494 |
2483 |
4977 |
|
14 |
2654 |
2712 |
5366 |
|
15 |
2466 |
2579 |
5045 |
|
16 |
2973 |
2987 |
5960 |
|
17 |
3424 |
3205 |
6629 |
|
18 |
2983 |
3137 |
6120 |
|
19 |
2296 |
2418 |
4714 |
|
20 |
1706 |
1794 |
3500 |
|
21 |
2070 |
2128 |
4198 |
|
22 |
2336 |
2328 |
4664 |
|
23 |
2371 |
2429 |
4800 |
|
24 |
5852 |
5888 |
11740 |
|
Total |
76605 |
75155 |
151760 |
Fig-2: Map Shows Population Composition in K=
rishnagar
Municipality Based on Census 2011
Source:
Census Data, 2011
Basic
Facility in a Primary School: For development in a primary School some
facilities are available in the school that is called Basic facility. The
minimum basic facilities are required for a good education. The basic
facilities are as follows,
<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> Structure of school building, number of class rooms, Sanitary
system, Toilet facility (separate girls & boys), drinking water facilit=
y, Playground,
number. of Bench, number of Sataranji, Black board, Desk, Maps, Wall Board,
Chair, Globe, Pocket board, number table, Chart, Almery, Stock of books in library, Trunk, Paper.
Status
of Class Room: It is found that total 41 Schools out of 78 Scho=
ols
i.e. 52.56% have in bellow four rooms. Moreover out of 78 schools, 29 Schoo=
ls
(37.17%) have four to six rooms where as 8 Schools carry on more than Six
Rooms. So it is clear minimum classroom not available in 41 Schools (52.56%=
).
So it is clear 52.56% Primary School have no sufficient Classroom for a qua=
lity
education.
|
No. of Class Room |
<4 |
4-6 |
>6 |
|
No. of Primary School |
41 |
29 |
8 |
|
% of Primary School |
52.56 |
37.17 |
10.25 |
Fig-3: Status of Class Room in Primary schoo=
l of
Krishnagar Municipal area, 2013
S=
ource:
Primary Council,Krishnagar,Nadia.
Drinking
Water Facility: As is evident from the table, the Drinking Water
facility has shown more important in a school. The Percentage of Schools wh=
ere drinking
water facilities are available in the Municipality is 66.66% but drinking w=
ater
facilities are not available in 33.33% Primary School.
<= o:p>
|
Drinking Water |
Yes |
No |
|
No. of Primary School |
52 |
26 |
|
% of Primary School |
66.66 |
33.33 |
<= o:p>
Fig-4: Pie graph Showing drinking water faci=
lity
of Primary school, Krishnagar
Availability
of Bench and Sataranji: =
Bench
and Sataranji are primary requirements in a school because students are sea=
ting
on the bench and Sataranji for study. So Bench and Sataranji are basic
amenities in a school. It has been found that more than 85% Primary School =
of
the total Survey School have poor availability of Benches. More than 95% of=
the
total Survey Primary Schools have small number of Sataranjis i.e. 20. The above discussion reveals that bench and
sataranji is an important in the school. The figure shows the available num=
ber
of bench and Sataranji much poorer.
<= o:p>
<= o:p>
<= o:p>
<= o:p>
<= o:p>
<= o:p>
=
Table-4:
Availability of Bench =
Table-5: Availability of Sataranji
|
No. of Benches |
<40 |
40-60 |
>60 |
|
No. of Primary School |
67 |
5 |
6 |
|
% of Primary School |
85.89 |
6.41 |
7.69 |
|
No. of Sataranji |
<20 |
20-40 |
>40 |
|
No. of Primary School |
74 |
2 |
2 |
|
% of Primary School |
94.87 |
2.56 |
2.56 |
Source:
Primary Council, Krishnagar, Nadia. Source:
Primary Council, Krishnagar, Nadia.
Fig-5: Availability of =
bench
in primary School under Krishnagar municipality Fig-6: Availability of
sataranji in primary School under Krishnagar municipality
Availability
of Black Board: The Primary school is characterized by below fou=
r,
Four to Six and Greater than Six number of black boards. Among the primary
school during the survey it was observed that maximum primary school belong=
to
below four black boards (57.69%). The share of four to six and greater than=
six
Black board in the survey school in the locality is more or less equal i.e.
37%, while the proportion of greater than Six within the total school is on=
ly
5% (fig.7).
|
No. of Black Board |
<4 |
4-6 |
>6 |
|
No. of Primary School |
45 |
29 |
4 |
|
% of Primary School |
57.69 |
37.17 |
5.12 |
Fig-7: Availability of Black Board in primary
school, Krishnagar Municipal Area
<= o:p>
<= o:p>
<= o:p>
Table-7: separate toilet facility
Fig-8: Figure shows Separate toilet facility=
in
Primary school of Study area, 2013
|
Separate Toilet Facility |
Yes |
No |
|
No. of Primary School |
37 |
42 |
|
% of Primary School |
47.43 |
53.84 |
Plate-3: Poor Toilet facility in
Sakti mandir harivushan das Primary School, Krishnagar
<= o:p>
T=
able-8:
playground Availability
|
Play ground |
Yes |
No |
|
No. of Primary School |
50 |
28 |
|
% of Primary School |
64.10 |
35.89 |
Source:
Primary Council, Krishnagar, Nadia.
Fig-9: playground availability of
Primary school in study area
<= o:p>
<= o:p>
<= o:p>
<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>
Plate-4: Poor Play ground
Structure of Nicer Para Primary School, Krishnagar
Sta=
tus
of students, teachers’ ratio: Teacher Student ratio is an importent criteria for
proper running the Primary Education systemAccording to Right to Education =
Act,
2009 student teacher ratio is 40:1. Entire krishnagar municipality 11.53%
schools are not follows this act, because students pressure is much high in
these schools. Krishnagar municipality is a 1st class city then
student pressure is very high these schools are top grad school in Krishnag=
ar.
Number of teachers will be increase in these Schools for maintain the Right=
to
Education Act.
|
Student Teacher Ratio |
No. of primary school |
% 0f primary School |
|
Bellow 40:1 |
69 |
88.46 |
|
Above 40:1 |
9 |
11.53 |
Table-9: Students, Teachers Ratio=
span>
S=
ource:
Primary Council, Krishnagar,Nadia.
Fig-10: Enrolment of student and
teacher ratio of primary school in Krishnagar municipality, 2011-12
Fig-11: Figure shows Qu=
ality
of primary school in krishnagar municipality (Weighted Index Method)
Con=
clusion:
It =
may
be concluded that,
1. &n=
bsp;
Basic facilities of Prim=
ary
schools have below standard level in the study area.
2.
Technical
as well as professional institutes are not present in adequate number of
Krishnagar municipality.
3. &n=
bsp;
Primary education program
and schemes are not properly implies in the study area.
4. &n=
bsp;
Maximum number of schools
have not maintain good student teacher ratio.
Mea=
sures
taken to improve the Primary Schools:
1. &n=
bsp;
2. &n= bsp; Improving the basic needs in a primary school (i.e.= playground, books, board etc.) for attracting the students and provide good education.<= o:p>
3. &n=
bsp;
Cluster format school are create, two or more school
join each another and create a cluster school.
4. &n=
bsp;
Teaching learning process should be developed and u=
sed
attracting teaching aids.
Plate- 5: Midday Meal P=
rogram
conduct in a school, Krishnagar, Nadia
Ref=
erences:
2.&n=
bsp;
Barnapoprichai bhavan, nadia, west
bengal.
3.&n=
bsp;
Census of India 2011. Provisional
Population Census,Government of India.
=
4. E=
rten
Gokce, 2009. Discrimination in Pri=
mary
Education in the Slums of Turkey: Problems about Equity of Education. I=
nternational
journal of human and social sciences.
=
5. G=
hosh
Ranjit, 2009-10. Juge Juge Varoter Shikha. published by Ruchira Chakrabarty=
.
=
6. In a proceedings seminar entitled “=
restructu=
ring
of school education system in west bengal”
organized by the Indian institute of
management Calcutta (iimc) on <=
/span>august 2010.
=
7. J=
ain
Manish, 2009 IAS (state project director) PBSSM. annual report 2008-09. =
prepared
by: paschim banga sarva shiksha mission.
8.&n=
bsp;
Kail Kaush=
ik,
2010. Problems and Prospects Of Primary Education In Mathura District: A=
=
9. G=
eographical
Analysis. Journal
of geography and regional planning vol. 3(10), pp. 253- 261.
<= o:p>
Status of Basic Facilities of Primary Schools: A
Case Study of Krishnagar Municipal… Koushik Barick